IRS Revenue Ruling
2000-44

Code Secs. 707, 381, 707, 721, 731, 752

<<FULL TEXT>>

26 CFR 1.707-3: Disguised sales of property to partnership; general rules.
(Also sections 381, 707, 721, 731, 752; 1.707-3, 1.707-4, 1.707-5)

This ruling provides that a corporation that acquires assets of another
corporation in a transaction described in section 381(a) of the Code
succeeds to the status of the other corporation for purposes of applying
the exception for reimbursements of preformation expenditures and
determining whether a liability is a qualified liability under the
regulations regarding the disguised sale provisions of section
707(a)(2)(B).


REV. RUL. 2000-44

ISSUE

Does a corporation that acquires assets of another corporation in a
transaction described in section 381(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
succeed to the status of the other corporation for purposes of applying
the exception for reimbursements of preformation expenditures and
determining whether a liability is a qualified liability under the
regulations regarding the disguised sale provisions of section
707(a)(2)(B)?


FACTS

Corporation P owns all of the stock of corporation S. S has only one
asset, rental property, that is encumbered by a nonrecourse liability of
$40x originally incurred by S on January 1, 1995. S incurred $5x in
capital expenditures with respect to the rental property on December 1,
1998.

On January 1, 1999, S distributes the rental property, subject to the
$40x liability, to P in a transaction that qualifies as a complete
liquidation of S within the meaning of section 332.

On January 1, 2000, P contributes the rental property, subject to the
$40x liability, to a partnership (PRS) in exchange for an interest in PRS.
In connection with the transaction, PRS reimburses P $5x for the capital
expenditures incurred by S with respect to the contributed property. At
the time that P transfers the rental property to PRS, the rental property
has a fair market value of $100x and an adjusted basis of $70x.


LAW

Section 721(a) provides that no gain or loss shall be recognized to a
partnership or to any of its partners in the case of a contribution of
property to the partnership in exchange for an interest in the
partnership.

Section 731(a)(1) provides that in the case of a distribution by a
partnership to a partner, gain shall not be recognized to the partner,
except to the extent that any money distributed exceeds the adjusted basis
of the partner's interest in the partnership immediately before the
distribution.

Section 752(b) provides that any decrease in a partner's share of the
liabilities of a partnership, or any decrease in a partner's individual
liabilities by reason of the assumption by the partnership of the
individual liabilities, shall be considered as a distribution of money to
the partner by the partnership.

Section 707(a)(2)(B) provides that if (i) there is a direct or indirect
transfer of money or other property by a partner to a partnership, (ii)
there is a related direct or indirect transfer of money or other property
by the partnership to the partner (or another partner), and (iii) the
transfers when viewed together are properly characterized as a sale or
exchange of property, then the transfers shall be treated either as a
transaction between the partnership and a partner not acting in the
partner's capacity as a partner or as a transaction between two or more
partners acting other than in their capacity as partners.

Section 1.707-3(a) of the Income Tax Regulations provides that, except
as otherwise provided in section 1.707-3, if a transfer of property by a
partner to a partnership and one or more transfers of money or other
consideration by the partnership to the partner constitute a sale based on
all the facts and circumstances, the transfers are treated as a sale of
property to the partnership.

Section 1.707-3(c)(1) provides that if within a 2-year period a partner
transfers property to a partnership and the partnership transfers money or
other consideration to the partner (without regard to the order of the
transfers), the transfers are presumed to be a sale of the property to the
partnership unless the facts and circumstances clearly establish that the
transfers do not constitute a sale.

Section 1.707-4(d) provides that, in general, notwithstanding the
presumption relating to transfers made within 2 years of each other, a
transfer of money or other consideration by the partnership to a partner
is not treated as part of a sale of property by the partner to the
partnership under section 1.707-3(a) to the extent that the transfer to
the partner by the partnership is made to reimburse the partner for, and
does not exceed the amount of, capital expenditures that (1) are incurred
during the 2-year period preceding the transfer by the partner to the
partnership; and (2) are incurred by the partner with respect to (i)
partnership organization and syndication costs described in section 709;
or (ii) property contributed to the partnership by the partner, but only
to the extent the reimbursed capital expenditures do not exceed 20 percent
of the fair market value of the property at the time of the contribution
(preformation expenditures).

Section 1.707-5(a)(1) provides that for purposes of the disguised sale
rules, if a partnership assumes or takes property subject to a qualified
liability, as defined in section 1.707-5(a)(6), the partnership is treated
as transferring consideration to the partner only to the extent that the
transfer of property to the partnership is otherwise treated as part of a
sale. By contrast, if the partnership assumes or takes property subject to
a liability of the partner other than a qualified liability, the
partnership is treated as transferring consideration to the partner to the
extent that the amount of the liability exceeds the partner's share of
that liability immediately after the partnership assumes or takes subject
to the liability as provided in section 1.707-5(a)(2), (3), and (4).

Under section 1.707-5(a)(6), a qualified liability is (1) a liability
that was incurred by the partner more than 2 years prior to the earlier of
the date the partner agrees in writing to transfer the property or the
date the partner transfers the property to the partnership and that has
encumbered the transferred property throughout that 2-year period; (2) a
liability that was incurred within the 2-year period that has encumbered
the transferred property since it was incurred, so long as the liability
was not incurred in anticipation of the transfer of the property to a
partnership; (3) a liability that is allocable under the rules of section
1.163-8T of the temporary Income Tax Regulations to capital expenditures
with respect to the property; or (4) a liability that was incurred in the
ordinary course of the trade or business in which property transferred to
the partnership was used or held but only if all the assets related to
that trade or business are transferred other than assets that are not
material to a continuation of the trade or business. Certain additional
limitations apply with respect to recourse liabilities. See section
1.707-5(a)(6)(ii).

Under section 1.707-4(e), the Commissioner may provide by guidance
published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin situations in addition to those
specifically addressed in the regulations where payments or transfers to a
partner will not be treated as part of a disguised sale.

Section 381(a) references certain transactions that involve one
corporation acquiring assets of another corporation in a tax-free transfer
(that is, liquidations under section 332, reorganizations under section
368(a)(1)(A), (C), and (F), and certain nondivisive reorganizations under
section 368(a)(1)(D) and (G)).


ANALYSIS

The rules regarding preformation expenses and qualified liabilities
contained in the disguised sale regulations recognize that certain
expenditures will be made, and certain liabilities will be incurred, under
circumstances that do not violate the disguised sale rules. Where a
corporation incurs preformation expenses or undertakes a borrowing, and
another corporation acquires assets of the corporation in a section 381
transaction, the transfer does not alter the circumstances under which the
expenditures or indebtedness were originally incurred or otherwise raise
concerns that would justify not treating the transferee corporation as
having incurred the expenditures or undertaken the liabilities at the time
they were incurred or undertaken by the predecessor corporation.

Transactions enumerated in section 381(a) involve situations where the
transferor corporation is absorbed by the transferee corporation in a
tax-free transaction. Given the purposes for the rules relating to
preformation expenses and qualified liabilities, it is appropriate that,
in transactions described in section 381(a), the transferee corporation
will succeed to the status of the distributor or transferor corporation
for purposes of applying the exception for reimbursements of preformation
expenditures and determining whether a liability is a qualified liability.

Accordingly, under the facts presented, P will succeed to the status of
S for purposes of determining whether the $5x cash reimbursement from PRS
qualifies for the exception for reimbursements of preformation
expenditures under section 1.707-4(d). S incurred $5x in capital
expenditures with respect to the rental property on December 1, 1998,
which is within the 2-year period preceding the transfer of the property
to PRS. The reimbursed capital expenditures do not exceed 20 percent of
the fair market value of the contributed property. Thus, the $5x cash
reimbursement from PRS to P for the capital expenditures incurred by S
with respect to the rental property falls within the exception for
reimbursement of preformation expenditures and will not give rise to a
disguised sale between P and PRS under section 707(a)(2)(B) and the
regulations.

P also will succeed to the status of S for purposes of determining
whether the $40x liability is a qualified liability within the meaning of
section 1.707-5(a)(6). The $40x liability encumbering the property was
incurred by S on January 1, 1995, which is more than 2 years prior to the
date the rental property was contributed to PRS. Accordingly, the $40x
liability is a qualified liability within the meaning of section
1.707-5(a)(6). As a result, the fact that P transfers the rental property
to PRS subject to the liability will not give rise to a disguised sale
between P and PRS under section 707(a)(2)(B) and the regulations.


HOLDING

A corporation that acquires assets of another corporation in a
transaction described in section 381(a) will succeed to status of the
other corporation for purposes of applying the exception for
reimbursements of preformation expenditures and determining whether a
liability is a qualified liability under the regulations regarding the
disguised sale provisions of section 707(a)(2)(B).


DRAFTING INFORMATION

The principal author of this revenue ruling is Shannon Cohen of the
Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs and Special Industries).
For further information regarding this revenue ruling contact Shannon
Cohen at (202) 622-3050 (not a toll-free call).

<<END RULING>>
 

TO CONTACT
DON FITCH CPA

Phone Don Fitch CPA Toll Free at (877)CPA-Help or (877)272-4357 or on our Direct Line at (760)674-1722.